04 / Orbit and latencyLow-orbit satellite links have less delay.
A low-orbit satellite passes closer to the aircraft than a geostationary one. The shorter path reduces the time required for each request and response. Starlink and Amazon Leo both use low-orbit satellites.
Modern geostationary systems can provide enough throughput for streaming. Their longer path adds a pause to each round trip.
Routers, capacity, cabin load, and ground networks also affect service. Airlines choose onboard equipment, purchased capacity, and traffic-shaping rules.
Technology principle · orbit-class definitions and provider architecture · reviewed 28 Jul 2026 · the diagram is conceptual and makes no distance claim